For the second question, Im assuming you asked about the Sales Ledger CONTROL ACCOUNT
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instead of the Sales Ledger. Ok, so, the Sales Ledger Control Account (a.k.a Debtors Ledger Control Account) always starts off with a debit balance (as the people you sell goods to are the debtors). The format goes like this:
Balances (Total of Debtors' balances) A debit balance
Balances (Debtors with credit balances) A credit balance
Credit Sales A debit balance
Sales Returns A credit balance
Cheques recieved from Debtors A credit balance
Dishonoured cheques A debit balance
Overpayments refunded A debit balance
Discounts Allowed A credit balance
Bad Debts written off A credit balance
Interest Charged to Debtors on overdue Accounts A debit balance (because this would INCREASE the amount the debtors owe)
Transfers (set offs) A credit balance
I hope you understand these transactions; any confusion, ask. I'll move onto your third question.
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