heY everYone,
wat about electrolysis of dilute sodium chloride???
Cathode..........
anode..............
and wat happens to the electrolyte???.....
WaiTinG 4 uR RepLies!!xD!!
Cathode:sodium
anode chloride
electrolyte: used up
+rep me
nonono-the
dilute sodium chloride means that you have more H+ and OH- in solution than Na+ and Cl-
soo
at the cathode, reduction occurs-in this DILUTE solution, hydrogen gas forms (half equation: 4H+(aq) + 4e-->2H2(g)
at the anode, OH- ions give up electrons, since not many Cl- ions are present. Oxygen bubbles off: 4OH- -->O2(g) +2H2O(l) +4e
When the hydrogen and oxygen bubble off, the Na+ and Cl- ions are left behind-so we
still have a solution of sodium chloride!
The overall result is that water has been decomposed.
And for the Haber process question:
Air is nearly 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen, with just small amounts of other gases. The oxygen is removed by burning hydrogen in the air.
2H2(g) + O2(g) -->2H2O (l)
That leaves mainly nitrogen.
Or you can say "the fractional distillation of liquid air"-another way to obtain nitrogen.
For Hydrogen:It is usually made from natural gas or
methane, and water (as steam):
CH4(g) + 2H2O (g) -->(catalyst) CO2 (g) +4H2(g)
or you can crack compounds in oil (the alkanes)