IGCSE/GCSE/O & A Level/IB/University Student Forum
Qualification => Subject Doubts => IGCSE/ GCSE => Commerce => Topic started by: Freaked12 on May 23, 2009, 03:21:57 pm
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The format of da paper ha changed so how do i prepare for it ???
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the only thing that has changed is that it is now called paper 3 instead of paper 6, otherwise the syllabus content and type of questions asked are the same as the old paper 6.
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as well as that, you apparently get some sort of booklet with the casestudy and u answer on the question paper itself where lined space is provided.
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i got a C in mock for p3.bring my otherwise a star grade to B.So its correct to study from past papers???
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yes, from the old paper 6 =)
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yes, from the old paper 6 =)
Thank You
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glad it helped =)
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oh! thanx lots.. i thot paper three was multiple choice!!!
so since they change the format n all will it be easier than past years like the maths paper 4??
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I'd posted some ppts earlier. do u guys want me to post it again?
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peopleeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee and pleaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaseeeeeeeeeeee are becoming famous well known words on the forum
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k here u go. hope these help.
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k here u go. hope these help.
i have powerpoints 4 all the syllabus topics!
here are some.
if any1 wants any specific topics pls tell me.
n how do u improve ur reputation?
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k here u go. hope these help.
i have powerpoints 4 all the syllabus topics!
here are some.
if any1 wants any specific topics pls tell me.
n how do u improve ur reputation?
+ REP :)
i would like to ask you if you had any presentations for
-7 Developed and developing economies: trends in production, population and living standards
and also specialisation XD
thanks!
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i have some more ppts. it may help u name.
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i would like to ask you if you had any presentations for
-7 Developed and developing economies: trends in production, population and living standards
and also specialisation XD
thanks!
ya here you go! ;)
if nid any othr 1s just ask!
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i have some more ppts. it may help u name.
Thank you soo much!
i would like to ask you if you had any presentations for
-7 Developed and developing economies: trends in production, population and living standards
and also specialisation XD
thanks!
ya here you go! ;)
if nid any othr 1s just ask!
Thank you soo much too!!
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brilliant
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HELP!
answer diz..why do government make sure there iz low n stable inflation in da economy..?
n iz economic growth alwayz beneficial?
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For the first part of the question write down the adverse effects inflation can have
1) Unemployment
2)Balance of payment problems
3) Growth suffers
4)Inflation tends to accelerate
5)Borrowers gain at the expense of lenders
6) Living standards
Comment on all these points....explain how inflation has an effect on these
For the second part you need to present an argument and give the advantages and disadvantages of growth
Adv
1)Growth(GDP) increases
2)More employment
3)Higher standard of living
4)More development
5)Favourable balance of trade
6)More employment means more revenue for the government in the form of taxes
There can be many more
Disadv
1) Inflation------eventually leading to unemployment
2)Exploitation of resources
3) Social costs(pollution,noise)
And more
Hope these help. And remember to present both sides of the argument
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hey can i hav a powerpoint on labour, money, taxes and the role of the government?
thank you sooo much in advance :) :)
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hey theere mate can i have inflation, taxation, government aims, and populations(and everything to do with populations, like death rate, living standards :D :D :D
thanks soo mcu
luv ya)
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hey theere mate can i have inflation, taxation, government aims, and populations(and everything to do with populations, like death rate, living standards :D :D :D
thanks soo mcu
luv ya)
I hope this helps you guyz
:D!!
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ight..dat helped Thanks, life saver!
ohh n wht are fixed and variable costz??
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has paper 2 changed
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has paper 2 changed
paper 2 now is paper 4 of previous years
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ight..dat helped Thanks, life saver!
ohh n wht are fixed and variable costz??
Np...Noo sorry i dnt have powerpoint for fixed and variable cost but please can u +rep please :D
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Hey guys is it possible to have power points on these topics;
- Population
- Standard of living,
- Birthe rate, death rate,
- Ageing populations,
- Dependant rations,
etc
mainly everything on these topics
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Hey guys is it possible to have power points on these topics;
- Population
- Standard of living,
- Birthe rate, death rate,
- Ageing populations,
- Dependant rations,
etc
mainly everything on these topics
Maybe i could help ....If it helps please tell mee :D
Please +rep if it does :)
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al noor it is my request to u to give credit to the 1 who made the ppt before u ask for reps.
And hummer618 ill be making some more ppts and attaching it before my eco paper.
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Thank you for posting up the powerpoints! :)
Question- are we supposed to know about the impacts of globalisation?
(:
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yes u need to and its very similar to the impacts of growth.
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ight..dat helped Thanks, life saver!
ohh n wht are fixed and variable costz??
Fixed costs: costs that do not change when output changes. so if you produce 0 units u pay and if you produce 50 units u still pay them. for example heat, light, renting land,...
Variable costs: costs which DO change when output changes. so if you produce 0 units, you dont pay them. but if you produce anything, you pay.for example raw materials, wages of workers, .....
Graph showing an example of fixed and variable costs:
http://www.businessteacher.org.uk/wp-content/break-even-analysis.jpg
Thank you for posting up the powerpoints! :)
Question- are we supposed to know about the impacts of globalisation?
(:
um its not on the syllabus and we never took it in class, but i guess you just have to know briefly what it is. in economics, you cant limit how much you should know, because the more you know the easier the exam will be!
your choice :)
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globalisation is not a new term. It is similar to growth so u could expect questions in the case study paper. It's simple logic anyways
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Okay thank you, got it. Yeah I've answered questions on globalisation in past papers in class, but I was just wondering if we were meant to learn it up as a specific unit or something. But I guess not!
Thank you (:
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hey can i pleaseee hav a powerpoint on TRADE and MONEY AND BANKING, ill be rlly grateful! thank you! :)
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i can help u with trade and balance of payments. ive attached the ppt
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eeey
was wondering if anyone could tell me the advantages and disadvantages of specialisation at national and reginol level??
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http://tutor2u.net/revision_notes_economics_gcse.asp
i hope the site helps u
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hey can i pleaseee hav a powerpoint on TRADE and MONEY AND BANKING, ill be rlly grateful! thank you! :)
hey, i hope this helps :
Money
The functions of money:
• As a medium of exchange:
Because money is acceptable in exchange for all if the goods?we don’t face the difficulty of bartering
• As a measure of value
All goods can be expressed in terms of one single commodity called ‘money’
• As a store of value
Money is a much better convenient store of value than chicken, pencils…it holds its value better than most other commodities although inflation causes it to lose value over time
• As a means of deferring payment
Convenient way if measuring how much people owe other people. A barter economy would find this difficult. E.g. Apples: big or small? Fresh?
• Money is divisible
Can easily be divided into smaller units. $1 = 100 cents
‘Good’ money is:
• generally acceptable by society
• durable (hard wearing, can be used over and over again)
• portable (easy to carry around)
• divisible (to determine prices for low value goods)
• scarce (if it is not scarce then it has no value)
In specialisation societies, the surplus is traded for the goods we have chosen NOT to specialise in. Money enables a rate of exchange (price) to be set so that trade can take place?enables us to benefit from specialisation
Central Banks
• The bank to the government of an economy and the banker’s bank
E.g. Bank of England, Fed, European Central Bank
• Responsibility for issuing the notes and coins of their currency
• Manages the gold and foreign currency reserves of an economy
• Manages the national debt of an economy
• It regulates and supervises the banking system
• It is ‘lender of the last resort’ to the banking system (the retail banks often need to borrow from the Cbanks)
• It sets the main official interest rate in the economy
Governments usually have complete control over Cbanks but more and more countries have made Cbanks independent of the government. E.g.: Bank of Mexico, England, Japan, the Reserve Bank of India, etc.
Commercial (Retail) Banks
• Provide a ‘link’ between these willing to save money and those wishing to borrow money
• Somewhere safe to store money
• Provides convenient methods of payment (debit/credit cards, cheque books, internet, etc.)
• Financial and tax planning advice
• Provides insurance
• Buying and selling shares for their customers
hope i helped :)
do you also want something about the stock exchange?
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thanks Name! that helped, especially the bank stuff! :) yea sure, would appreciate smthng on stock exchange! (by that u mean shares n stuff rite?)
and wts this +rep ppl keep toking abt? im new to this forum so yea :)
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The Stock Exchange
The stock exchange: a market where sellers and buyers of financial instruments come together
- Financial instruments: shares, debentures, government bonds
- Because it is a market, equilibrium/market prices will be established
- Public limited companies issue new shares and/r debentures to raise finance (e.g. for expansion/purchase of fixed assets)
- Governments issue new bonds when they need to borrow money to finance their spending plans (not all government spending comes from taxation. E.g. raising taxation levels during a recession would be very unwise)
- These shares, debentures and government bonds can be bought and sold over and over again second hand on the stock exchange)
Why people buy shares/debentures and government bonds:
• For a ‘return’ which provides an annual income
o Shares can generate dividends out of profits
o Government bonds generate a fixed interest on the face value of a bond
o Debentures generate a fixed interest on the free value of the debenture
• To make a profit from the buying and selling of the share/debenture/bond itself
i dont actually understand the stock exchange that much :S very complicated
and rep i think thats REPutation. you + someone if they post something good/helpful and u - someone if theyre a pain in the a**
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thankss :)
and that's a + for u! lol
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and guys i hav a doubt wid this:
Analyze the different motives for spending, saving and borrowing
Discuss how and why different income groups have different expenditure patterns (spending, saving, borrowing)
thanks!
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guys its in the syllabus so i need ur help! :(
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Spending or saving depends on
-Tax rates
-Income
-Wealth
-Inflation rates
-Personal interests
-Exchange rates(banks)
In diff income groups
High income group spends higher proportion of their income on luxurious goods whereas low income groups spend a higher proportion of their income on basic necessities.
this is all you need
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thanks you :)
+REP
how abt "describe likely changes in earnings over time for an individual"
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thanks you :)
+REP
how abt "describe likely changes in earnings over time for an individual"
People’s earnings tend to increase over time because:
1. there may be a pay scale and people move up 1 point on the scale each year
2. Loyalty
3. Experience
4. Cost of living. Increase to compensate for inflation
5. Promotion
6. More skills and qualifications
= Earnings of skilled people tend to be higher than unskilled
- Reward for long training (education required)
- Skilled people are scarcer than unskilled so the price of their labour (wage) is higher
= Male and female
- Men on average tend to earn more than woman on average
- Sex and discrimination
Women often have ‘career gaps’ to have/raise children. This puts them behind men in terms of experience and promotion
Many women tend to work part time hours
Many women are concentrated into traditionally low paid work such as secretarial, retail, hotel and catering
- Agriculture/ manufacture/services
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so we jus say that incomes start low for fresh workers and gradually increases rite?
thanks alot By the way :)
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Could anyone please tell me the importance for the paper 3 what i mean is a list of topics of the main ones ???
I know all are important but I assume no one here is going to waste time after topics like scarcity :P..so just
asking for the list of the main topics which have appeared often in the exams :-\
and yeah thanks nid and name for those presentations..gt them all ;)
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all i know is they haven't asked much about
1)Functions of money
2)Types of banks
3)Competition
4) Monetary and fiscal policy
but i think u should do the entire content well.
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Hay, um .. can anyone please write me notes about Inflation, thanks alot .. :D
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check the ppt
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help i cant open some of the ppts! especially the ones i need most@@@@ ahh can post in dif format r
and does anyone else have the same problem?
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im not sure its opening for me, so yea sry cnt help
guys i hav a question:
"What might explain if a company is large or small?"
Pls help! thanks!
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Thanks again 4 the ppt it realli helps
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im not sure its opening for me, so yea sry cnt help
guys i hav a question:
"What might explain if a company is large or small?"
Pls help! thanks!
I think this is just asking for the reasons that a firm may choose to stay small (e.g. producing a wide variety of products) as opposed to why firms choose to grow large (e.g. they may be producing homogeneous products- mass producing).
And so on.
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thats cool
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Do we have to know the topic about Advertising?
Because it's not on our syllabus...and we didn't learn it in class either.
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nope, i dont think you need to do advertising. weve never done it in class either !
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help i cant open some of the ppts! especially the ones i need most@@@@ ahh can post in dif format r
and does anyone else have the same problem?
w8 version do u use???
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condensed revision notes guys. hope it helps