Alkenes undergo electrophillic addition
An example of this would be an alkene, like ethene, reacting with Br2.
The product formed would be 1,2 dibromoethane.
Haloalkanes undergo nucleophillic substitution with either OH-, CN- or NH3
Haloalkane + OH- would give you alcohol
The condition is for it to be boiled under reflux with aqueous NaOH
Haloalkane + CN- would give you nitrile
The condition is for it to be boiled under reflux and have some KCN in aqueous ethanol
Haloalkane + NH3 would give you amine (NH2)
The condition is heat. Sealed Tube and ethanoic NH3
Aldehydes and ketones undergo nucleophillic addition (usually with CN-) to give you carboxylic acid.
Alcohols, on the other hand, would undergo oxidation to form either aldehydes or ketones depending on what kind of alcohols they are.
If it’s a primary alcohol, an aldehyde would be formed. If oxidized further, it would form a carboxylic acid.
If it’s a secondary alchol, a ketone would be formed if it’s oxidixed.
Tertiary alcohols do not undergo oxidation.
However, if a primary alcohol is oxidized under reflux, it would form a carboxylic acid straight away.
Hope this was helpful!
Good luck for your exam.
