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Q4) D
first thing when u c these graphs..look for the obvious
you know 18 protons/eletcrons....electronic configuration 2.8.8 so 0 unpaired electrons....it will be either B or D
Now look at the other proton numbers....you knw electrons are filled singly until there is no more space to....
So upto proton no 15, it is filled singly, no of unpaired electrons increase. Then, they start pairing up, after proton no 15, reducing the no of unpaired electrons.
eg. take 15 electrons
1s22s22p63s2 3p3
the 3 electrons in the p subshell are in the 3 different orbitals and so 15 has the max no of unpaired electrons...3